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Showing posts with label treatment. Show all posts
Showing posts with label treatment. Show all posts

Friday, January 13, 2023

migrain definitions, causes, signs, symptoms and treatment

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Migraine: Understanding the Definitions, Causes, Signs, Symptoms and Treatment

Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by


intense and recurring headaches, often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.

Definitions

Migraine is a complex condition that can be difficult to define. According to the International Headache Society, a migraine is defined as a headache that is moderate to severe in intensity, typically on one side of the head, and is accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea and sensitivity to light and sound.

Causes

The exact cause of migraines is not known, but they are thought to be related to changes in the brainstem and the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face and head. Factors that can trigger migraines include:

  • Stress
  • Hormonal changes
  • Certain foods and drinks
  • Sensory stimuli such as bright lights or strong smells
  • Changes in sleep patterns
  • Medications
  • Weather changes

Signs and Symptoms

The most common symptom of a migraine is a moderate to severe headache, often described as a pulsing or throbbing pain. Other symptoms can include:

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Sensitivity to light and sound
  • Blurred vision
  • Fatigue
  • Dizziness
  • Difficulty concentrating

Treatment

Treatment for migraines typically involves a combination of medications, lifestyle changes, and behavioral therapies. Medications can include:

  • Pain relievers
  • Triptans
  • Ergots
  • Anti-nausea medications

Lifestyle changes can include:

  • Regular exercise
  • Stress management techniques such as yoga or meditation
  • Avoiding triggers such as certain foods and drinks
  • Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule

Behavioral therapies can include:

  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
  • Biofeedback
  • Relaxation techniques

It's important to work with your healthcare provider to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to your individual needs and to monitor the progress of the treatment. With the right treatment, it is possible to manage the symptoms of migraines and improve your quality of life.

Thursday, July 19, 2018

gastroenteritis prevention

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Prevention of gastroenteritis

Here are some ways you can do to prevent the occurrence of intestinal infection:
  • Washing hands. Wash the whole hand (including the sidelines of the nail) to clean. Use soap, then rub
    your hands for about 20 seconds, and rinse with clean water. If there is no soap and water, use a cleaning wipes or hand sanitizer.
  • Always wear personal equipment. It is advisable to use your own cutlery and drinkware, such as cups, plates, spoons, and forks. Avoid wearing cutlery alternately with others. Make sure every family member has their own towels.
  • Keep the distance. If you are forced to make contact with a person infected with gastroenteritis, try to keep a distance from it. Do not touch items used by an infected person.
  • Cleaning stuff. Clean items, places, and also surfaces touched by an infected person. Objects such as table surfaces, taps, door handles, spoons, forks, and other equipment used by gastroenteritis patients living in your home can become a medium of transmission of the virus.
  • Rotavirus vaccine. This vaccine is given to prevent diarrhea due to rotavirus. There are two types of rotavirus vaccine spread in Indonesia, namely rotateq and rotarix. Rotateq is given three doses at infants aged 6-14 weeks, 4-8 weeks later, and 8 months of age. While rotarix is ​​given two doses at the age of 10 weeks and 14 weeks (6 months).

In addition to some of the above efforts, there are some things you can consider to prevent gastroenteritis. If you are traveling or in a public place, you should be careful in choosing foods and beverages that you consume. Here are some things to avoid:
  • Avoid eating raw foods, either vegetables or fruits that have been peeled or touched by the hands of others.
  • Do not eat meat that is half-baked.
  • Buy bottled water to avoid consuming contaminated water. Including when you brush your teeth, it is advisable to keep using bottled water.
  • Avoid consuming ice cubes that are not guaranteed cleanliness, because it could be the water used to make ice is contaminated by the virus.
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